<div dir="ltr"><div>NCL offers only 'Kaiser-Varimax' rotation. To my knowledge, once any rotation method is applied to the subset there is a loss of orthogonality in either the spatial mode or the PCs</div><div><br></div><div>From: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_analysis#Rotation_methods" target="_blank"><b>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_analysis#Rotation_methods</b></a></div><div><br></div><div>"<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varimax_rotation" title="Varimax rotation" target="_blank">Varimax rotation</a>
is an orthogonal rotation of the factor axes to maximize the variance
of the squared loadings of a factor (column) on all the variables (rows)
in a factor matrix, which has the effect of differentiating the
original variables by extracted factor. Each factor will tend to have
either large or small loadings of any particular variable. A varimax
solution yields results which make it as easy as possible to identify
each variable with a single factor. This is the most common rotation
option. <b>However, the orthogonality (i.e., independence) of factors is
often an unrealistic assumption. </b>Oblique rotations are inclusive of
orthogonal rotation, and for that reason, oblique rotations are a
preferred method. Allowing for factors that are correlated with one
another is especially applicable in psychometric research, since
attitudes, opinions, and intellectual abilities tend to be correlated,
and since it would be unrealistic in many situations to assume otherwise"</div><div><br></div><div>I am sure that the <a href="https://www.r-project.org/"><b>R</b></a> package offers multiple methods for performing rotation.</div><div><br></div><div>Good Luck<br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, Sep 19, 2020 at 6:35 AM 杨显轲 via ncl-talk <<a href="mailto:ncl-talk@mailman.ucar.edu" target="_blank">ncl-talk@mailman.ucar.edu</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><p style="font-family:SimSun">
Hello <span style="white-space:pre-wrap">ncl-users,</span>
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<p style="font-family:SimSun">
<span style="font-family:SimSun">I would like to ask whether it is possible to keep </span>PC orthogonal in REOF. As we known, both the spatial mode and the PC remain orthogonal in EOF. When using <strong>eofunc_varimax_Wrap</strong> in NCL for monthly Equatorial central and eastern pacific SST, the spatial mode and PC are not orthogonal, and the correlation coefficient of PC1 and PC2 can reach 0.9.
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I want to keep PC orthogonal in Reof, and the spatial modes can be non-orthogonal, can this be achieved in NCL?
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<p style="font-family:SimSun">
<br>
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<p style="font-family:SimSun">
Thanks! All the best!
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<p style="font-family:SimSun">
Xianke Yang
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