[Met_help] [rt.rap.ucar.edu #57320] History for about met Plotting and Graphics, please help me
John Halley Gotway via RT
met_help at ucar.edu
Mon Jul 9 12:39:16 MDT 2012
----------------------------------------------------------------
Initial Request
----------------------------------------------------------------
To: Developmental Testbed Center - MET
Hello,
My name is wang, i am doing my master thesis at a university in Beijing . I want to use MET to verify preciptation field generated by BJ-RUC .Now, I met the problem about Plotting and Graphics. when i study the met-user's guide V3.1,I am interested in the picture which is Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 in Chapter 11: Plotting and Graphics Support.The Figure 11-3 is about the AWCSI index which measures the area-weighted fraction of observed and/or forecast events that were correctly predicted. H ere is a text information generated by using R scripts which is available on the MET website.
f Files Processed = 1
Total Number of Single Objects = 15
Number of Single Fcst Objects = 10
Number of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 5
Number of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 5
Number of Single Obs Objects = 5
Number of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5
Number of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
Total Number of Cluster Objects = 8
Total Number of Fcst Cluster Objects = 4
Total Number of Obs Cluster Objects = 4
Total Area of Objects = 12630
Area of Single Fcst Objects = 7174
Area of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 6920
Area of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 254
Area of Single Obs Objects = 5456
Area of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5456
Area of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
Median of Max Interest by Fcst Object = 0.690555
Median of Max Interest by Obs Object = 0.79908
Median of Max Interest by Fcst+Obs Objects = 0.78345
Cluster Pair Centroid Distance:
Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
5.111 5.175 8.922 11.590 15.340 23.420
Cluster Pair Centroid X-Offsets:
Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
-23.320 -14.730 -8.485 -9.006 -2.766 4.269
Cluster Pair Centroid Y-Offsets:
Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
-0.03783 1.59000 2.54700 2.36200 3.31900 4.39200
Cluster Pair Centroid X,Y Offsets and Distance [4]:
(-11.8604, 4.3919) 12.6474
(-5.1105, -0.0378) 5.1107
(4.2692, 2.9615) 5.1959
(-23.3242, 2.1324) 23.4215
I wonder in this case if the AWCSI can be expressed as AWCSI=(5*6920/12630)/(5*6920/12630+5*254/12630),is my understanding about the AWSCI computing process correct? if i am wrong,please show me the right ansewr.
in addtion,i wonder if you can offer the scripts about Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 ,or help me about how to get the result like Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 .
look forward your reply!
Thanks in advance and best whishes!
wang
beijing- chinese academy of meteorological science
----------------------------------------------------------------
Complete Ticket History
----------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: [rt.rap.ucar.edu #57320] about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
From: John Halley Gotway
Time: Mon Jul 09 07:44:07 2012
Wang,
I was not able to find your email address (zuibeidemei at 126.com) in the
list of registered MET users. In order to ensure that we are in
compliance with the export laws of the United States, we are
only able to provide direct support to registered users. Once you
fill out the free registration, I'll be able to help.
Please go to the following page and provide your email address. Hit
enter and you'll be taken to the registration form:
http://www.dtcenter.org/met/users/downloads/index.php
Please write back to let me know when that's done.
Thanks,
John Halley Gotway
met_help at ucar.edu
On 07/09/2012 12:31 AM, Cheung via RT wrote:
>
> Mon Jul 09 00:31:21 2012: Request 57320 was acted upon.
> Transaction: Ticket created by zuibeidemei at 126.com
> Queue: met_help
> Subject: about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
> Owner: Nobody
> Requestors: zuibeidemei at 126.com
> Status: new
> Ticket <URL:
https://rt.rap.ucar.edu/rt/Ticket/Display.html?id=57320 >
>
>
> To: Developmental Testbed Center - MET
>
> Hello,
>
> My name is wang, i am doing my master thesis at a university in
Beijing . I want to use MET to verify preciptation field generated by
BJ-RUC .Now, I met the problem about Plotting and Graphics. when i
study the met-user's guide V3.1,I am interested in the picture which
is Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 in Chapter 11: Plotting and Graphics
Support.The Figure 11-3 is about the AWCSI index which measures the
area-weighted fraction of observed and/or forecast events that were
correctly predicted. H ere is a text information generated by using R
scripts which is available on the MET website.
> f Files Processed = 1
> Total Number of Single Objects = 15
> Number of Single Fcst Objects = 10
> Number of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 5
> Number of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 5
> Number of Single Obs Objects = 5
> Number of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5
> Number of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
> Total Number of Cluster Objects = 8
> Total Number of Fcst Cluster Objects = 4
> Total Number of Obs Cluster Objects = 4
> Total Area of Objects = 12630
> Area of Single Fcst Objects = 7174
> Area of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 6920
> Area of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 254
> Area of Single Obs Objects = 5456
> Area of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5456
> Area of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
> Median of Max Interest by Fcst Object = 0.690555
> Median of Max Interest by Obs Object = 0.79908
> Median of Max Interest by Fcst+Obs Objects = 0.78345
> Cluster Pair Centroid Distance:
> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
> 5.111 5.175 8.922 11.590 15.340 23.420
> Cluster Pair Centroid X-Offsets:
> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
> -23.320 -14.730 -8.485 -9.006 -2.766 4.269
> Cluster Pair Centroid Y-Offsets:
> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
> -0.03783 1.59000 2.54700 2.36200 3.31900 4.39200
> Cluster Pair Centroid X,Y Offsets and Distance [4]:
> (-11.8604, 4.3919) 12.6474
> (-5.1105, -0.0378) 5.1107
> (4.2692, 2.9615) 5.1959
> (-23.3242, 2.1324) 23.4215
> I wonder in this case if the AWCSI can be expressed as
AWCSI=(5*6920/12630)/(5*6920/12630+5*254/12630),is my understanding
about the AWSCI computing process correct? if i am wrong,please show
me the right ansewr.
> in addtion,i wonder if you can offer the scripts about Figure 11-
3,Figure 11-4 ,or help me about how to get the result like Figure 11-
3,Figure 11-4 .
> look forward your reply!
> Thanks in advance and best whishes!
>
> wang
> beijing- chinese academy of meteorological science
>
------------------------------------------------
Subject: about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
From: Cheung
Time: Mon Jul 09 09:22:30 2012
John Halley Gotway,
hi,thanks a lot about your reply.I have already finished the
registration on the MET websitepage,please check it!
best wishes!
wang
At 2012-07-09 21:44:07,"John Halley Gotway via RT" <met_help at ucar.edu>
wrote:
>Wang,
>
>I was not able to find your email address (zuibeidemei at 126.com) in
the list of registered MET users. In order to ensure that we are in
compliance with the export laws of the United States, we are
>only able to provide direct support to registered users. Once you
fill out the free registration, I'll be able to help.
>
>Please go to the following page and provide your email address. Hit
enter and you'll be taken to the registration form:
> http://www.dtcenter.org/met/users/downloads/index.php
>
>Please write back to let me know when that's done.
>
>Thanks,
>John Halley Gotway
>met_help at ucar.edu
>
>On 07/09/2012 12:31 AM, Cheung via RT wrote:
>>
>> Mon Jul 09 00:31:21 2012: Request 57320 was acted upon.
>> Transaction: Ticket created by zuibeidemei at 126.com
>> Queue: met_help
>> Subject: about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
>> Owner: Nobody
>> Requestors: zuibeidemei at 126.com
>> Status: new
>> Ticket <URL:
https://rt.rap.ucar.edu/rt/Ticket/Display.html?id=57320 >
>>
>>
>> To: Developmental Testbed Center - MET
>>
>> Hello,
>>
>> My name is wang, i am doing my master thesis at a university in
Beijing . I want to use MET to verify preciptation field generated by
BJ-RUC .Now, I met the problem about Plotting and Graphics. when i
study the met-user's guide V3.1,I am interested in the picture which
is Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 in Chapter 11: Plotting and Graphics
Support.The Figure 11-3 is about the AWCSI index which measures the
area-weighted fraction of observed and/or forecast events that were
correctly predicted. H ere is a text information generated by using R
scripts which is available on the MET website.
>> f Files Processed = 1
>> Total Number of Single Objects = 15
>> Number of Single Fcst Objects = 10
>> Number of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 5
>> Number of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 5
>> Number of Single Obs Objects = 5
>> Number of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5
>> Number of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
>> Total Number of Cluster Objects = 8
>> Total Number of Fcst Cluster Objects = 4
>> Total Number of Obs Cluster Objects = 4
>> Total Area of Objects = 12630
>> Area of Single Fcst Objects = 7174
>> Area of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 6920
>> Area of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 254
>> Area of Single Obs Objects = 5456
>> Area of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5456
>> Area of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
>> Median of Max Interest by Fcst Object = 0.690555
>> Median of Max Interest by Obs Object = 0.79908
>> Median of Max Interest by Fcst+Obs Objects = 0.78345
>> Cluster Pair Centroid Distance:
>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>> 5.111 5.175 8.922 11.590 15.340 23.420
>> Cluster Pair Centroid X-Offsets:
>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>> -23.320 -14.730 -8.485 -9.006 -2.766 4.269
>> Cluster Pair Centroid Y-Offsets:
>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>> -0.03783 1.59000 2.54700 2.36200 3.31900 4.39200
>> Cluster Pair Centroid X,Y Offsets and Distance [4]:
>> (-11.8604, 4.3919) 12.6474
>> (-5.1105, -0.0378) 5.1107
>> (4.2692, 2.9615) 5.1959
>> (-23.3242, 2.1324) 23.4215
>> I wonder in this case if the AWCSI can be expressed as
AWCSI=(5*6920/12630)/(5*6920/12630+5*254/12630),is my understanding
about the AWSCI computing process correct? if i am wrong,please show
me the right ansewr.
>> in addtion,i wonder if you can offer the scripts about Figure
11-3,Figure 11-4 ,or help me about how to get the result like Figure
11-3,Figure 11-4 .
>> look forward your reply!
>> Thanks in advance and best whishes!
>>
>> wang
>> beijing- chinese academy of meteorological science
>>
>
>
------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: [rt.rap.ucar.edu #57320] about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
From: John Halley Gotway
Time: Mon Jul 09 09:59:52 2012
Wang,
Let me give you a little background on this issue. MODE is a tool
that performs an object-based approach to verification. The intention
is to mimic how a human would identify objects in the forecast
and observation fields and match them up between fields. The matching
of objects between fields is controlled by a fuzzy logic algorithm
which is really just a weighted average of several object
attributes.
The good thing about an object-based approach to verification is that
hopefully it provides more intuitive and diagnostic information to
describe the quality of the forecast.
But one challenge is that it differs greatly from the traditional
contingency table verification statistics like POD and CSI. I think
there's a lot of room to find good ways to summarize and explain
the output of object-based verification methods. One way we tried is
to relate the MODE output back to traditional metrics by redefining
what counts as a hit, miss, and false alarm. It's pretty easy
to define those 3 in the output of MODE, but how to define correct
negatives is less clear.
That's why we chose CSI - since it is defined using hits, misses, and
false alarms:
CSI = hits / (hits + misses + false alarms)
We also realized that you could look at these either as a count of
objects or as a count of object areas (which we call "area-weighted").
So here's how we defined them:
misses = unmatched single observation objects
false alarms = unmatched single forecast objects
hits = (matched single forecast objects + matched single
observation objects) / 2
In your data:
By object counts:
hits = (5 + 5) / 2 = 5
misses = 0
false alarms = 5
Object CSI = 5 / (5 + 0 + 5) = 0.5
By object areas:
hits = (6920 + 5456) / 2 = 6188
misses = 0
false alarms = 254
Area-Weighted CSI = 6188 / (6188 + 0 + 254) = 0.96
In my experience, using an area-weighted score leads to much higher
values of CSI. The reason for that is that larger objects are much
more likely to be matched.
Hope that helps clarify.
Thanks,
John
On 07/09/2012 09:22 AM, Cheung via RT wrote:
>
> <URL: https://rt.rap.ucar.edu/rt/Ticket/Display.html?id=57320 >
>
> John Halley Gotway,
>
> hi,thanks a lot about your reply.I have already finished the
registration on the MET websitepage,please check it!
>
> best wishes!
> wang
>
>
>
>
>
>
> At 2012-07-09 21:44:07,"John Halley Gotway via RT"
<met_help at ucar.edu> wrote:
>> Wang,
>>
>> I was not able to find your email address (zuibeidemei at 126.com) in
the list of registered MET users. In order to ensure that we are in
compliance with the export laws of the United States, we are
>> only able to provide direct support to registered users. Once you
fill out the free registration, I'll be able to help.
>>
>> Please go to the following page and provide your email address.
Hit enter and you'll be taken to the registration form:
>> http://www.dtcenter.org/met/users/downloads/index.php
>>
>> Please write back to let me know when that's done.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> John Halley Gotway
>> met_help at ucar.edu
>>
>> On 07/09/2012 12:31 AM, Cheung via RT wrote:
>>>
>>> Mon Jul 09 00:31:21 2012: Request 57320 was acted upon.
>>> Transaction: Ticket created by zuibeidemei at 126.com
>>> Queue: met_help
>>> Subject: about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
>>> Owner: Nobody
>>> Requestors: zuibeidemei at 126.com
>>> Status: new
>>> Ticket <URL:
https://rt.rap.ucar.edu/rt/Ticket/Display.html?id=57320 >
>>>
>>>
>>> To: Developmental Testbed Center - MET
>>>
>>> Hello,
>>>
>>> My name is wang, i am doing my master thesis at a university in
Beijing . I want to use MET to verify preciptation field generated by
BJ-RUC .Now, I met the problem about Plotting and Graphics. when i
study the met-user's guide V3.1,I am interested in the picture which
is Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 in Chapter 11: Plotting and Graphics
Support.The Figure 11-3 is about the AWCSI index which measures the
area-weighted fraction of observed and/or forecast events that were
correctly predicted. H ere is a text information generated by using R
scripts which is available on the MET website.
>>> f Files Processed = 1
>>> Total Number of Single Objects = 15
>>> Number of Single Fcst Objects = 10
>>> Number of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 5
>>> Number of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 5
>>> Number of Single Obs Objects = 5
>>> Number of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5
>>> Number of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
>>> Total Number of Cluster Objects = 8
>>> Total Number of Fcst Cluster Objects = 4
>>> Total Number of Obs Cluster Objects = 4
>>> Total Area of Objects = 12630
>>> Area of Single Fcst Objects = 7174
>>> Area of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 6920
>>> Area of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 254
>>> Area of Single Obs Objects = 5456
>>> Area of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5456
>>> Area of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
>>> Median of Max Interest by Fcst Object = 0.690555
>>> Median of Max Interest by Obs Object = 0.79908
>>> Median of Max Interest by Fcst+Obs Objects = 0.78345
>>> Cluster Pair Centroid Distance:
>>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>>> 5.111 5.175 8.922 11.590 15.340 23.420
>>> Cluster Pair Centroid X-Offsets:
>>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>>> -23.320 -14.730 -8.485 -9.006 -2.766 4.269
>>> Cluster Pair Centroid Y-Offsets:
>>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>>> -0.03783 1.59000 2.54700 2.36200 3.31900 4.39200
>>> Cluster Pair Centroid X,Y Offsets and Distance [4]:
>>> (-11.8604, 4.3919) 12.6474
>>> (-5.1105, -0.0378) 5.1107
>>> (4.2692, 2.9615) 5.1959
>>> (-23.3242, 2.1324) 23.4215
>>> I wonder in this case if the AWCSI can be expressed as
AWCSI=(5*6920/12630)/(5*6920/12630+5*254/12630),is my understanding
about the AWSCI computing process correct? if i am wrong,please show
me the right ansewr.
>>> in addtion,i wonder if you can offer the scripts about Figure
11-3,Figure 11-4 ,or help me about how to get the result like Figure
11-3,Figure 11-4 .
>>> look forward your reply!
>>> Thanks in advance and best whishes!
>>>
>>> wang
>>> beijing- chinese academy of meteorological science
>>>
>>
>>
------------------------------------------------
Subject: about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
From: Cheung
Time: Mon Jul 09 10:43:53 2012
John,
Thanks about your detailedexplanation.it really help me a lot..
Thank you for your kindness again,best wishes for you !
wang
At 2012-07-09 23:59:52,"John Halley Gotway via RT" <met_help at ucar.edu>
wrote:
>Wang,
>
>Let me give you a little background on this issue. MODE is a tool
that performs an object-based approach to verification. The intention
is to mimic how a human would identify objects in the forecast
>and observation fields and match them up between fields. The
matching of objects between fields is controlled by a fuzzy logic
algorithm which is really just a weighted average of several object
>attributes.
>
>The good thing about an object-based approach to verification is that
hopefully it provides more intuitive and diagnostic information to
describe the quality of the forecast.
>
>But one challenge is that it differs greatly from the traditional
contingency table verification statistics like POD and CSI. I think
there's a lot of room to find good ways to summarize and explain
>the output of object-based verification methods. One way we tried is
to relate the MODE output back to traditional metrics by redefining
what counts as a hit, miss, and false alarm. It's pretty easy
>to define those 3 in the output of MODE, but how to define correct
negatives is less clear.
>
>That's why we chose CSI - since it is defined using hits, misses, and
false alarms:
> CSI = hits / (hits + misses + false alarms)
>
>We also realized that you could look at these either as a count of
objects or as a count of object areas (which we call "area-weighted").
So here's how we defined them:
>misses = unmatched single observation objects
>false alarms = unmatched single forecast objects
>hits = (matched single forecast objects + matched single
observation objects) / 2
>
>In your data:
>
>By object counts:
>hits = (5 + 5) / 2 = 5
>misses = 0
>false alarms = 5
>Object CSI = 5 / (5 + 0 + 5) = 0.5
>
>By object areas:
>hits = (6920 + 5456) / 2 = 6188
>misses = 0
>false alarms = 254
>Area-Weighted CSI = 6188 / (6188 + 0 + 254) = 0.96
>
>In my experience, using an area-weighted score leads to much higher
values of CSI. The reason for that is that larger objects are much
more likely to be matched.
>
>Hope that helps clarify.
>
>Thanks,
>John
>
>
>On 07/09/2012 09:22 AM, Cheung via RT wrote:
>>
>> <URL: https://rt.rap.ucar.edu/rt/Ticket/Display.html?id=57320 >
>>
>> John Halley Gotway,
>>
>> hi,thanks a lot about your reply.I have already finished the
registration on the MET websitepage,please check it!
>>
>> best wishes!
>> wang
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> At 2012-07-09 21:44:07,"John Halley Gotway via RT"
<met_help at ucar.edu> wrote:
>>> Wang,
>>>
>>> I was not able to find your email address (zuibeidemei at 126.com) in
the list of registered MET users. In order to ensure that we are in
compliance with the export laws of the United States, we are
>>> only able to provide direct support to registered users. Once you
fill out the free registration, I'll be able to help.
>>>
>>> Please go to the following page and provide your email address.
Hit enter and you'll be taken to the registration form:
>>> http://www.dtcenter.org/met/users/downloads/index.php
>>>
>>> Please write back to let me know when that's done.
>>>
>>> Thanks,
>>> John Halley Gotway
>>> met_help at ucar.edu
>>>
>>> On 07/09/2012 12:31 AM, Cheung via RT wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Mon Jul 09 00:31:21 2012: Request 57320 was acted upon.
>>>> Transaction: Ticket created by zuibeidemei at 126.com
>>>> Queue: met_help
>>>> Subject: about met Plotting and Graphics,please help me
>>>> Owner: Nobody
>>>> Requestors: zuibeidemei at 126.com
>>>> Status: new
>>>> Ticket <URL:
https://rt.rap.ucar.edu/rt/Ticket/Display.html?id=57320 >
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> To: Developmental Testbed Center - MET
>>>>
>>>> Hello,
>>>>
>>>> My name is wang, i am doing my master thesis at a university in
Beijing . I want to use MET to verify preciptation field generated by
BJ-RUC .Now, I met the problem about Plotting and Graphics. when i
study the met-user's guide V3.1,I am interested in the picture which
is Figure 11-3,Figure 11-4 in Chapter 11: Plotting and Graphics
Support.The Figure 11-3 is about the AWCSI index which measures the
area-weighted fraction of observed and/or forecast events that were
correctly predicted. H ere is a text information generated by using R
scripts which is available on the MET website.
>>>> f Files Processed = 1
>>>> Total Number of Single Objects = 15
>>>> Number of Single Fcst Objects = 10
>>>> Number of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 5
>>>> Number of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 5
>>>> Number of Single Obs Objects = 5
>>>> Number of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5
>>>> Number of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
>>>> Total Number of Cluster Objects = 8
>>>> Total Number of Fcst Cluster Objects = 4
>>>> Total Number of Obs Cluster Objects = 4
>>>> Total Area of Objects = 12630
>>>> Area of Single Fcst Objects = 7174
>>>> Area of Matched Single Fcst Objects = 6920
>>>> Area of Unmatched Single Fcst Objects = 254
>>>> Area of Single Obs Objects = 5456
>>>> Area of Matched Single Obs Objects = 5456
>>>> Area of Unmatched Single Obs Objects = 0
>>>> Median of Max Interest by Fcst Object = 0.690555
>>>> Median of Max Interest by Obs Object = 0.79908
>>>> Median of Max Interest by Fcst+Obs Objects = 0.78345
>>>> Cluster Pair Centroid Distance:
>>>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>>>> 5.111 5.175 8.922 11.590 15.340 23.420
>>>> Cluster Pair Centroid X-Offsets:
>>>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>>>> -23.320 -14.730 -8.485 -9.006 -2.766 4.269
>>>> Cluster Pair Centroid Y-Offsets:
>>>> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
>>>> -0.03783 1.59000 2.54700 2.36200 3.31900 4.39200
>>>> Cluster Pair Centroid X,Y Offsets and Distance [4]:
>>>> (-11.8604, 4.3919) 12.6474
>>>> (-5.1105, -0.0378) 5.1107
>>>> (4.2692, 2.9615) 5.1959
>>>> (-23.3242, 2.1324) 23.4215
>>>> I wonder in this case if the AWCSI can be expressed as
AWCSI=(5*6920/12630)/(5*6920/12630+5*254/12630),is my understanding
about the AWSCI computing process correct? if i am wrong,please show
me the right ansewr.
>>>> in addtion,i wonder if you can offer the scripts about Figure
11-3,Figure 11-4 ,or help me about how to get the result like Figure
11-3,Figure 11-4 .
>>>> look forward your reply!
>>>> Thanks in advance and best whishes!
>>>>
>>>> wang
>>>> beijing- chinese academy of meteorological science
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>
>
------------------------------------------------
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