<div dir="ltr">Human influence on global ocean ventilation<br><br>The World Ocean has
crucial climatic and life-supporting roles. We know that these roles
depend critically on the ventilation of the deep ocean, i.e., the
transport of tracers (heat, carbon, oxygen, nutrients) between the
surface and the deep seas. However, too little is known about the
processes shaping deep-ocean ventilation and its changes. The Southern
Ocean is thought to have an outsized role in connecting surface and deep
waters: about 60% of the total global ocean volume had its last surface
contact or will have its next surface contact south of 40S (DeVries and
Primeau, 2011). A key unknown of the ventilation puzzle concerns the
return path from the interior ocean to the Southern Ocean surface, which
involves wind-driven vertical circulation as well as mixing processes,
and which controls the rate at which the large carbon and nutrient
deep-ocean reservoirs communicate with the surface (e.g. Le Quere et
al., 2009; DeVries et al., 2017). **The central objective of the project
is to understand the drivers of this return path from the global deep
ocean to the Southern Ocean surface, and their ability to change under
on-going climate change.**<b><br></b><br>Ocean ventilation can occur
either through advection of material as part of the global ocean
overturning circulation, or through diffusive mixing. While the
resurfacing of deep waters in the Southern Ocean has been described as
primarily driven by winds (Marshall and Speer, 2012), the local and
large-scale impacts of interior mixing hotspots remain unclear. **The
first objective of this project will be to quantify the impact of
varying interior mixing intensity versus winds on the resurfacing of
deep waters in the Southern Ocean.**<b> </b>This will be addressed by
sensitivity experiments using varying mixing schemes in an existing
configuration of the NEMO global ocean model (used in the IPSL climate
model).<br><br>**The second objective of the project will be to
delineate the processes driving Southern Ocean overturning circulation
change in the context of ongoing climate change.** The ocean responds to
climate change through modifications of heat, freshwater and momentum
fluxes at its boundaries. Recent work has started to highlight the
potential important contribution of thermodynamic drivers (change in
air-sea heat fluxes) over mechanical drivers (change in momentum fluxes)
in impacting some large horizontal current systems worldwide (Shi et
al., 2021; Peng et al., 2022). But the relative importance of these
drivers on the vertical circulation, as well as the time evolution of
the respective role of each driver under past and future climate change
remains a knowledge gap. This gap will be addressed in this project from
a newly developed modeling framework, allowing to isolate the
contributions of heat, freshwater and momentum fluxes at the ocean
surface to drive ocean change (Silvy et al., 2022a). We will leverage
existing simulations that have been run based on a large ensemble
experiment (historical+SSP2-4.5) developed for CMIP6 with the IPSL
climate model (Silvy et al., 2022a,b).<br><br>APPLICATION:<br><br>Please contact Jean-Baptiste Sallee (<a href="mailto:jean-baptiste.sallee@locean.ipsl.fr" target="_blank">jean-baptiste.sallee@locean.ipsl.fr</a>) and Casimir de Lavergne (<a href="mailto:casimir.delavergne@locean.ipsl.fr" target="_blank">casimir.delavergne@locean.ipsl.fr</a>) with a CV, as soon as possible.<br><br>STARTING DATE:<br><br>As soon as possible<br><br>DURATION:<br><br>Depending
on the starting date. End of the postdoc in October 2024 (due to
funding availability). There are good prospects to continue employment
through an alternative research position.<br><br>SUPERVISORS:<br><br>J.-B. Sallee and Casimir de Lavergne (LOCEAN, Sorbonne University)<br><br>Collaborators:<br><br>Y. Silvy (Uni. Berne), J. Mignot (LOCEAN), E. Guilyardi (LOCEAN)</div>