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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Dear Colleagues,</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">You are cordially invited to submit abstracts to the 2025 AOGS Annual Meeting session (ST33) -
<i>Dynamics and Coupling in the Ionosphere, Thermosphere, and Mesosphere Driven by Forcing from Above and Below</i>. This meeting will be held in Marina Bay Sands, Singapore from July 27th to August 1st, 2025.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> <b>****Session Details**** </b> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Session Title:</b> ST33 - Dynamics and Coupling in the Ionosphere, Thermosphere, and Mesosphere Driven by Forcing from Above and Below</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Section:</b> Solar and Terrestrial Sciences (ST)</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Session Link: </b><a href="https://urldefense.us/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.asiaoceania.org_aogs2025_public.asp-3Fpage-3Dsubmissions.asp-23SA&d=DwMF-g&c=L4IogQUxJwxc-F14PJeZBy0aL1nbCId3JgRjMgunPoM&r=t7TdHkH0JxHhzxjPIdrT_KasyFhRqh7UY9KqJYOesa4&m=z3b0-7PwBoFNru5-2OlZsR09I5Wj6yhKE_DPGWtdopLMTNlYbRWsqfysXcJv5Bbm&s=OGqYuHnYsrjOporcx6nf4dpezSdzGos_1TaoCa0kxH8&e=" target="_blank" id="OWA77eb0e99-cef2-635c-7243-489dda1f759d" class="OWAAutoLink" title="https://urldefense.us/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.asiaoceania.org_aogs2025_public.asp-3Fpage-3Dsubmissions.asp-23SA&d=DwMF-g&c=L4IogQUxJwxc-F14PJeZBy0aL1nbCId3JgRjMgunPoM&r=t7TdHkH0JxHhzxjPIdrT_KasyFhRqh7UY9KqJYOesa4&m=z3b0-7PwBoFNru5-2OlZsR09I5Wj6yhKE_DPGWtdopLMTNlYbRWsqfysXcJv5Bbm&s=OGqYuHnYsrjOporcx6nf4dpezSdzGos_1TaoCa0kxH8&e=" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-linkindex="0" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="margin: 0px;">https://www.asiaoceania.org/aogs2025/public.asp?page=submissions.asp#SA</a></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Primary Convener: </b>Sovit Khadka, Orion Space Solutions, Colorado, USA</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Conveners: </b>Huixin Liu, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Xing Meng, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Duggirala Pallamraju, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Session Description:</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">The ionosphere-thermosphere-mesosphere (ITM) region serves as a critical transition zone where the neutral atmosphere transforms into ionized plasma. This dynamic layer plays a pivotal role in Earth’s near-space environment, responding
strongly to solar, space, and terrestrial events. Understanding the intricate variability, dynamics, and coupling processes within the ITM system is essential for scientific exploration, practical applications, and advancing current and future numerical modeling
capabilities. This region influences radio wave propagation, satellite orbits, atmospheric drag on spacecraft, and global climate and weather patterns. Advances in our understanding of ITM dynamics enhance our ability to predict space weather threats to modern
technological infrastructure which is a critical societal need. Not only do atmospheric waves originating from the lower atmosphere impact the ITM system, but high-latitude energy inputs (such as particle precipitation and Joule heating) associated with solar
and magnetospheric sources also play a profound role on the dynamics, composition, and coupling of the ITM system. By examining composition, neutral winds, pressure, temperature, electric field, and neutral/electron/ion density due to forcing from above (solar
and geomagnetic activity) and below (polar vortex activity, tides, Kelvin waves, planetary waves, and gravity waves originating in the lower atmosphere), we gain valuable insights into the variability, dynamics, and coupling mechanism between different layers
in the ITM system. This session invites contributions from the Solar-Terrestrial science community, highlighting recent innovations in experimental techniques, observational tools, current and future space mission plans, theoretical studies, and modeling efforts
to improve/advance our fundamental understanding of ITM dynamics and vertical coupling driven by both external and internal forcing.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">We look forward to your contribution to our AOGS-2025 session. </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Please note that the abstract submission deadline is extended to Friday, 28 February 2025</b>.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Thank you.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Sincerely,</span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Sovit Khadka, Huixin Liu, Xing Meng, and Duggirala Pallamraju</span></p>
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