<html><head></head><body><div class="yahoo-style-wrap" style="font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><div><p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Dear Colleagues,</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">We
cordially invite abstracts to the session ST-12 entitled “Space Weather Links from Sun to Earth Including
May and October 2024 Events” at 22<sup>nd</sup> AOGS 2025 meeting in Marina
Bay Sands, Singapore during 27 July-01 August 2025. Abstract submission
deadline is on 18 February 2025.</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Session description:</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">This
session covers the unexpected large temporal changes in the Sun-Earth system
including the 10-11 May and 9-10 October 2024 events. Space weather originates
from the Sun as solar eruptions (solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs)
and high speed streams (HSS) from coronal holes). Solar flares affect the
ionosphere within nine minutes. CMEs, while flowing through the interplanetary
(IP) space become interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs), produce shocks, solar energetic
particle (SEP) events, radio bursts, etc. HSS originating from coronal holes
interact with the slow wind ahead, forming corotating interaction regions
(CIRs). The interaction of ICMEs and CIRs with the Earth’s magnetosphere
through magnetic reconnection leads to wave-particle interactions, intense
radiation belts, large currents in the magnetosphere (ring current and
field-aligned current) and ionosphere, geomagnetic storms/activities, intense
auroras, ionosphere-thermosphere storms, large geomagnetically induced currents
(GICs), etc. Space weather sometimes result in adverse societal impact and
economic losses in the high-tech society by damaging satellite systems,
electric power grids, rail-way traffic systems, oil and gas metal pipelines,
etc. For example, if a space weather event similar to the 1859 Carrington event
occurs at the present time, can cause damages costing up to (estimated) 1-2
trillion US Dollars. This session invites contributions on all aspects of space
weather studies using ground and space-based observations, theory and modelling
including the recent severe space weather events that resulted in geomagnetic
storms of historical proportions. </span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Please
feel free to contact us at manuvarghese@nssc.ac.cn, if you have any questions.</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">-------------------------------------------</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Conveners:
V. Manu, Nat Gopalswamy, Yusuke Ebihara, Zhang Qing-He, Jijin K Raj</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">-------------------------------------------</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Best
regards,</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Manu
Varghese, PhD</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">National
Space Science Center (NSSC),</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="color:#1D2228">Chinese
Academy of Sciences,</span></p>
<p class="ydp1fd21479yiv0643708493ydp104ab715msonormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;background:white"><span style="font-family:"New serif",serif;color:#1D2228">Beijing, China.</span></p></div><br></div></div></body></html>