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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 20pt; color: red;">Kerri
A. Pratt<sup>1</sup></span><span style="font-size: 20pt;">, Cynthia H.
Twohy<sup>2</sup>, Kimberly A. Prather<sup>1*</sup><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="RSBodyText" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="RSBodyText" style="text-align: justify;"><sup>1</sup>Department
of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, CA
92093 <sup>2</sup>Department of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,
Oregon State
University, Corvallis, OR 97331 </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b
style=""><span style="font-size: 26pt; color: red;">Flight-based
Measurements of
the Role of Aerosol Chemistry on Cloud Formation Using Single-Particle
Mass Spectrometry<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">The overall impacts
of aerosol
particles on cloud formation and properties represent the largest
single source
of uncertainty in predicting future climate change.<span style=""> </span>The
vast majority of our knowledge of cloud
nuclei is based on ground-based measurements and links between bulk
aerosol
chemistry and the number of measured cloud condensation nuclei (CCN).<span
style=""> </span>In contrast, direct flight-based measurements
of individual cloud droplets and ice crystals indicate which particles
actually
do form clouds, providing improved insight into the role of aerosol
chemistry
on CCN and ice nuclei (IN).<span style=""> </span>During the
2007 Ice in Clouds Experiment – Layer Clouds (ICE-L), the size-resolved
chemistry of individual cloud droplets and ice crystals were directly
sampled
and characterized in real-time using a counterflow virtual impactor in
series
with the recently-developed aircraft aerosol time-of-flight mass
spectrometer
(A-ATOFMS) during flight-based measurements aboard the NCAR/NSF C-130.<span
style=""> </span>In particular, orographic wave clouds and
upslope storm clouds were studied over <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Wyoming</st1:place></st1:State>,
<st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Colorado</st1:place></st1:State>,
<st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Nebraska</st1:place></st1:State>,
and <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">South Dakota</st1:place></st1:State>;
mineral
dust, dry lake bed salts, biological material, biomass burning
particles,
organic carbon, and elemental carbon were all found within the studied
clouds.<span style=""> </span>These ICE-L A-ATOFMS results
represent the first aircraft-based, single-particle dual-polarity mass
spectrometry
measurements, providing an increased understanding of single-particle
mixing
state of both refractory and non-refractory species with respect to
altitude,
cloud condensation nuclei, and ice nuclei.<span style="">
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0in;"><span
style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: "Century Gothic","sans-serif";"><span
style=""> </span>Thursday,
11 September 2008<span style=""> </span>Foothills
Lab <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0in;"><span
style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: "Century Gothic","sans-serif";"><span
style=""> </span>10:30
a.m. (refreshments at 10:00)<span style=""> </span>Room
1022<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0in;"><span
style="font-family: "Century Gothic","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style=""><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: "Century Gothic","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><i
style=""><span style="font-family: "Century Gothic","sans-serif";">For
more
information, contact Teresa Rivas, ext 1437 or <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:rivas@ucar.edu">rivas@ucar.edu</a></span></i><span
style=""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
______________________
Teresa Rivas
Administrator TIIMES
303-497-1437
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.tiimes.ucar.edu">http://www.tiimes.ucar.edu</a>
NCAR
The Institute for Integrative & Multidisciplinary Earth Studies (TIIMES)
P.O. Box 3000
FL1-2024
Boulder, CO 80307-3000</pre>
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